今回紹介するのは、ニューヨークのホイットニー美術館にて大盛況のちもうすぐ終了予定の展覧会、「Andy Warhol—From A to B and Back Again」。誰しもが聞いたことのあるコンテンポラリーアートの大巨匠、アンディ・ウォーホルの大規模な回顧展で、1989年以降アメリカで初めて開催されることになり、世界から注目を集めている。数あるニューヨークの現代美術館の中でも、ホイットニー美術館はアメリカを舞台に活躍したアーティストたちの作品を中心に展示することで有名。アメリカのみならず世界の美術史を代表するアーティスト、ウォーホルの回顧展を開催するにはうってつけの美術館だ。
ゲイ、移民の子として大恐慌時代の米ペンシルベニア州ピッツバーグに生まれた少年アンドリュー・ウォーホラは、ニューヨークへとわたり、グラフィックデザイナーとして活動を開始。アーティストとして注目されるにつれ、誰もが知るアイコニックな「アンディ・ウォーホル」へと成長した。彼のメジャーな美術界に対する功績としては、商業美術の制作手法だったシルクスクリーンをファインアートの現場に持ち込んだことなどが挙げられる。また自身のスタジオ「ファクトリー」は、当時のアーティストやミュージシャン、モデル、俳優が出入りする溜まり場になるなど、文化的な貢献にも繋がった。
本展では、1987年の彼の死後、新たに発見されてきた資料や積み重ねられてきた研究をもとに、彼の知られざる面を覗くことができる。
代表的なキャンベルスープの缶や、ブリロ・ボックスを積み重ねたインスタレーション、マリリン・モンローの作品群、そして電気椅子の作品など教科書でも見たことのある作品が天井まで埋め尽くさんと大量に展示されている様は、圧巻のひとことに尽きる。さらに80年代の晩年の作品も展示。アーティストとして駆け出したばかりだった彼がどうやって我々の知るアンディ・ウォーホルになったのか、そしてアンディ・ウォーホルになった後も我々が知らなかった彼の一面、当時の社会の一瞬を切り取る鋭いまなざしが、そこには確かに存在する。
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Installation view of Andy Warhol – From A to B and Back Again (Whitney Museum of American Art, New York, November 12, 2018-March 31, 2019). From left to right: Factory Diary: Andy Paints Mao, 1972; Vote McGovern, 1972; Mao (Edition 4/300), 1973; Mao (Edition 27/300), 1973; Mao (Edition 32/300), 1973; Mao (Edition 39/300), 1973; Mao (Edition 103/300), 1973; Mao (Edition 204/300), 1973; Mao (Edition 242/300), 1973; Mao (Edition 261/300), 1973; Mao, 1973; Factory Diary: Andy Warhol, Geri Miller, Candy Darling at the Factory, c. 1971-72; Michael Kostiuk, Andy Warhol vacuuming the carpet for an installation piece at Finch College Museum of Art, c. 1972; White Painting [Torso], 1966; Ronald Nameth, Andy Warhol’s Exploding Plastic Inevitable, 1966. Photograph by Ron Amstutz. © 2018 The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc. / Licensed by Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York
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Installation view of Andy Warhol – From A to B and Back Again (Whitney Museum of American Art, New York, November 12, 2018-March 31, 2019). Left wall, left to right, top to bottom: Mick Jagger, 1975-76; Farah Diba Pahlavi, 1976; Chris Evert, 1977; Pelé, 1977; Liza Minnelli, 1978; Truman Capote, 1979; Truman Capote, 1979; Gianni Versace, 1979-80; Roy Lichtenstein, 1976; Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi, 1976; Muhammad Ali, 1977; Corice Arman, 1977; Self-Portrait, 1978; Henry Geldzahler, 1979; Neil Sedaka, 1979; R.C. Gorman, 1979; Jamie Wyeth, 1976; Ashraf Pahlavi, Princess of Iran, 1977; Kareem Abdul Jabar, 1977; Michael Heizer, 1978; Thomas Ammann, 1978; John Reinhold, 1979; Berkeley Reinhold, 1979; Carolina Herrera, 1979. Right wall, left to right, top to bottom: Martha Graham, 1980; Francesco Clemente, 1981; Jean-Michel Basquiat, 1982; Robert Mapplethorpe, 1983; Stephen Sprouse, 1984; Portrait of Emily Fisher Landau, 1984; Douglas Cramer, 1985; Peter Halley, 1986; Diamond Dust Joseph Beuys, 1980; Giorgio Armani, 1981; Keith Haring and John Dubose, 1983; Pia Zadora, 1983; Kenny and Zena Scharf, 1984; Teresa and Zena Scharf, 1984; Corice Arman, 1986; Arman, 1986; David Whitney, 1980; Jon Gould, 1981; Cornelia Guest, 1983; Tina Chow, 1983-84; Michael Chow, 1984; Pat Hearn, 1985; Donald Baechler, 1986; Aretha Franklin, 1986. Photograph by Ron Amstutz. © 2018 The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc. / Licensed by Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York
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Installation view of Andy Warhol – From A to B and Back Again (Whitney Museum of American Art, New York, November 12, 2018-March 31, 2019). From left to right, top to bottom: Gun, 1981-82; Self-Portrait with Skull, 1978; The Last Supper (Be a Somebody with a Body), 1985-86; Hamburger (Negative), 1985-86; Reagan Budget, 1985-86; Dollar Sign, 1981; Repent and Sin No More! (Positive), 1985-86; Stress! (Negative), 1985-86; Somebody Wants to Buy Your Apartment Building!, 1985; Are You “Different”? (Negative), 1985-86; Dollar Sign, 1981; Heaven and Hell are Just One Breath Away! (Negative), 1985-86; Stress! (Positive), 1985-86; Physiological Diagram, 1985-86; Map of Eastern U.S.S.R., Missile Bases, 1985-86; Camouflage, 1987; Andy Warhol and Keith Haring, Untitled, 1985; Daily News (Gimbel’s Anniversary Sale/Artist Could Have Choked), 1983; Heaven and Hell are Just One Breath Away! (Positive), 1985-86; Map: Soviet Footholds, 1985; Over 40 (How You Can), 1986; Mark of the Beast (Positive), c. 1985-86; Map: Nicaragua and Honduras, 1984-85; Dollar Sign, 1981; New York Post, Front Page (“Jessica Savitch/Marine Death Toll”), 1983; Skull, 1976; Skull, 1976. Photograph by Ron Amstutz. © 2018 The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc. / Licensed by Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York
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Installation view of Andy Warhol – From A to B and Back Again (Whitney Museum of American Art, New York, November 12, 2018-March 31, 2019). From left to right: Mylar and Plexiglas Construction, c. 1970; Mao, 1972; Willard Mass, Andy Warhol’s Silver Flotations, 1966; Vote McGovern, 1972; Mao, 1973; White Painting, 1964. Photograph by Ron Amstutz. © 2018 The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc. / Licensed by Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York
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Installation view of Andy Warhol – From A to B and Back Again (Whitney Museum of American Art, New York, November 12, 2018-March 31, 2019). From left to right, top to bottom: Self-Portrait, 1963-64; Self-Portrait, 1964; Self-Portrait, 1964; Most Wanted Men No. 4, Redmond C., 1964; Most Wanted Men No. 3, Ellis Ruiz B., 1964; Most Wanted Men No. 1, John M., 1964; Most Wanted Men No. 6, Thomas Francis C., 1964; Most Wanted Men No. 7, Salvatore V., 1964; Most Wanted Men No. 12, Frank B., 1964; Most Wanted Men No. 5, Arthur Alvin M., 1964. Photograph by Ron Amstutz. © 2018 The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc. / Licensed by Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York
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Installation view of Andy Warhol – From A to B and Back Again (Whitney Museum of American Art, New York, November 12, 2018-March 31, 2019). From left to right: Silver Marlon, 1963; Triple Elvis [Ferus Type], 1963; Single Elvis [Ferus Type], 1963; Large Sleep, 1965; Marilyn Diptych, 1962. Photograph by Ron Amstutz. © 2018 The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc. / Licensed by Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York
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Installation view of Andy Warhol – From A to B and Back Again (Whitney Museum of American Art, New York, November 12, 2018-March 31, 2019). From left to right, top to bottom: Two Heads, c. 1957; Portrait of John Butler with Dancer, 1952; 129 Die in Jet, 1962; Before and After [4], 1962; Mister Moore, c. 1956; Kate Smith, c. 1956; Leo Lerman, c. 1956; David Evans, c. 1956; Beatrice Lielie, c. 1956; Babe Paley, c. 1955; Diana Vreeland, c. 1956; Truman Capote, c. 1956; Elvis Presley, c. 1956; Mae West, c. 1956; Christine Jorgenson, 1956; B.[ernard] G.[rant], c. 1956. Photograph by Ron Amstutz. © 2018 The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc. / Licensed by Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York
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Installation view of Andy Warhol – From A to B and Back Again (Whitney Museum of American Art, New York, November 12, 2018-March 31, 2019). From left to right, top to bottom: Flowers, 1964; Flowers, 1964; Flowers, 1964; Flowers, 1964; Flowers, 1964; Flowers, 1964; Flowers, 1964; Flowers, 1964; Flowers, 1964; Flowers, 1964; Flowers, 1964; Flowers, 1964; Flowers, 1964; Flowers, 1964; Flowers, 1964; Flowers, 1964; Flowers, 1964; Flowers, 1964; Flowers, 1964; Flowers, 1964; Flowers, 1964; Flowers, 1964; Flowers, 1964; Flowers, 1964; Flowers, 1964; Flowers [Large Flowers], 1964-65. Photograph by Ron Amstutz. © 2018 The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc. / Licensed by Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York
Andy Warhol (1928–1987), Superman, 1961. Casein and wax crayon on cotton, 67 x 52 in. (170.2 x 132.1 cm). Private collection. Courtesy of DC Comics. Superman © and ™ DC Comics. All rights reserved. © The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc. / Artists Rights Society (ARS) New York
Andy Warhol (1928–1987), ST309 Edie Sedgwick, 1965. 16mm, b&w, silent; 4.5 min. @ 16 fps, 4 min. @ 18 fps. Pictured: Edie Sedgwick. © 2018 The Andy Warhol Museum, Pittsburgh, PA, a museum of Carnegie Institute. All rights reserved.
Andy Warhol (1928–1987), Self-Portrait, 1964. Acrylic and silkscreen ink on linen, 20 x 16 in. (50.8 x 40.6 cm). The Art Institute of Chicago; gift of Edlis/Neeson Collection, 2015.126 © The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc. / Artists Rights Society (ARS) New York
Andy Warhol (1928–1987), Rorschach, 1984. Acrylic on linen, 13 ft. 8 in. x 9 ft. 7 1⁄8 in. (4.17 x 2.92 m). Whitney Museum of American Art, New York; purchase with funds from the Contemporary Painting and Sculpture Committee, the John I. H. Baur Purchase Fund, the Wilfred P. and Rose J. Cohen Purchase Fund, Mrs. Melva Bucksbaum, and Linda and Harry Macklowe, 96.279 © The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc. / Artists Rights Society (ARS) New York
Andy Warhol (1928–1987), Mao, 1972. Acrylic, silkscreen ink, and graphite on linen, 14 ft. 8 1⁄2 in. x 11 ft. 4 1 ⁄2 in. (4.48 x 3.47 m). The Art Institute of Chicago; Mr. and Mrs. Frank G. Logan Purchase Prize and Wilson L. Mead funds, 1974.230 © The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc. / Artists Rights Society (ARS) New York
Andy Warhol (1928–1987), Lupe, 1965. 16mm, color, sound; 36 min. @ 24 fps, in double screen. 72.5 min. @ 24 fps, in single screen. Pictured: Edie Sedgwick. © 2018 The Andy Warhol Museum, Pittsburgh, PA, a museum of Carnegie Institute. All rights reserved.
Andy Warhol (1928–1987), Untitled (Hand in Pocket), c. 1956. Ballpoint pen on paper, 16 3⁄4 × 13 3⁄4 in. (42.4 × 34.7 cm). Collection of Mathew Wolf © The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc. / Artists Rights Society (ARS) New York
Andy Warhol (1928–1987), Empire, 1964. 16mm, b&w, silent; 8 hrs., 5 min. at 16 fps, 7 hrs., 11 min. at 18 fps © 2018 The Andy Warhol Museum, Pittsburgh, PA, a museum of Carnegie Institute. All rights reserved.
Andy Warhol (1928–1987), Elvis at Ferus, 1963. 16mm, b&w, silent; 4.0 min. @ 16 fps, 3.5 min. @ 18 fps © 2018 The Andy Warhol Museum, Pittsburgh, PA, a museum of Carnegie Institute. All rights reserved.
Andy Warhol (1928–1987), Truman Capote, 1979. Acrylic and silkscreen ink on linen, 40 × 40 in. (101.6 × 101.6 cm). The Andy Warhol Museum, Pittsburgh; Founding Collection, contribution Dia Center for the Arts 1997.1.11b © The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc. / Artists Rights Society (ARS) New York
Andy Warhol (1928–1987), Big Electric Chair, 1967–68. Acrylic and silkscreen ink on linen, 54 1/8 x 73 1/4 in. (137.5 x 186.1 cm). The Art Institute of Chicago; gift of Edlis/Neeson Collection, 2015.128 © The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc. / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York
Andy Warhol (1928–1987), Flowers, 1964. Fluorescent paint and silkscreen ink on linen, 24 x 24 in. (61 x 61 cm). The Art Institute of Chicago; gift of Edlis/Neeson Collection, 2015.123 © The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc. / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York
Andy Warhol (1928–1987), Campbell’s Soup Can over Coke Bottle, 1962. Graphite and watercolor on paper, 23 1⁄2 × 17 3⁄4 in. (59.7 × 45.1 cm). The Brant Foundation, Greenwich, CT © The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc. / Artists Rights Society (ARS) New York
Andy Warhol (1928–1987), Ladies and Gentlemen (Wilhelmina Ross), 1975. Acrylic and silkscreen ink on linen, 120 x 80 in. (304.8 x 203.2 cm). Fondation Louis Vuitton, Paris © The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc. / Artists Rights Society (ARS) New York
Andy Warhol (1928–1987), Untitled (Hand in Pocket), c. 1956. Ballpoint pen on paper, 16 3⁄4 × 13 3⁄4 in. (42.4 × 34.7 cm). Collection of Mathew Wolf © The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc. / Artists Rights Society (ARS) New York
Andy Warhol (1928–1987), Marilyn Diptych, 1962. Acrylic, silkscreen ink, and graphite on linen, two panels: 80 7/8 x 114 in. (205.4 x 289.6 cm) overall. Tate, London; purchase 1980 © The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc. / Artists Rights Society (ARS) New York
Andy Warhol (1928-1987), Green Coca-Cola Bottles, 1962. Acrylic, screenprint, and graphite pencil on canvas, 82 3/4 x 57 1/8 in. (210.2 x 145.1 cm). Whitney Museum of American Art, New York; purchase with funds from the Friends of the Whitney Museum of American Art 68.25. © 2018 The Andy Warhol Foundation for the visual Arts, Inc./ Artists Rights Society (ARS), N.Y.
Andy Warhol (1928–1987), Christine Jorgenson, 1956. Collaged metal leaf and embossed foil with ink on paper, 13 x 16 in. (32.9 x 40.7 cm). Sammlung Froehlich, Leinfelden-Echterdingen, Germany © The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc. / Artists Rights Society (ARS) New York
Andy Warhol (1928–1987), Ari and Mario, 1966. 16mm, color, sound; 67 mins. @ 24 fps. Pictured: Ari Boulogne and Mario Montez. © 2018 The Andy Warhol Museum, Pittsburgh, PA, a museum of Carnegie Institute. All rights reserved.
Andy Warhol (1928–1987), Ethel Scull 36 Times, 1963. Silkscreen ink and acrylic on linen, thirty-six panels: 80 × 144 in. (203.2 × 365.8 cm) overall. Whitney Museum of American Art, New York; jointly owned by the Whitney Museum of American Art and The Metropolitan Museum of Art; gift of Ethel Redner Scull 86.61a‒jj © The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc. / Artists Rights Society (ARS) New York
Andy Warhol (1928–1987), Before and After [4], 1962. Acrylic and graphite on linen, 72 1 ⁄8 x 99 3 ⁄4 in. (183.2 x 253.4 cm). Whitney Museum of American Art, New York; purchase with funds from Charles Simon, 71.226 © The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc. / Artists Rights Society (ARS) New York
